What is the 4(m) deadline in federal service of process?

• A. The plaintiff must serve within 90 days after the complaint is filed, unless the court extends for good cause.
• B. The plaintiff must serve within 120 days after the complaint is filed.
• C. Service must be completed within 30 days of filing.
• D. Service is not required for federal civil actions.

Answer: (A)

Rule 4(m) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure governs service of process in federal civil actions. The deadline is 90 days after the complaint is filed for the plaintiff to serve a defendant, and the court may extend that deadline for good cause shown. If service isn’t completed within 90 days and no extension is granted, the action as to that defendant must be dismissed without prejudice. This sets a balance between ensuring prompt notice and allowing flexibility for difficult service. The other time frames (120 days, 30 days) do not apply to federal service under Rule 4(m), and service is required in federal cases unless a specific exception or waiver applies.