What does the Best Evidence Rule require when proving the content of a writing?

• A. The original writing or an acceptable copy must be produced unless an exception applies.
• B. A duplicate is always admissible in every case.
• C. Oral testimony can replace the writing in all circumstances.
• D. Only summaries of the writing are ever allowed.

Answer: (A)

The Best Evidence Rule is about proving what a writing says by showing the writing itself. To prove the contents, you normally must produce the original document or an acceptable duplicate that accurately reflects the original. This requirement helps ensure the exact words aren’t distorted by memory or paraphrase. An original or a trustworthy copy is sufficient unless a recognized exception applies (for example, the original can’t be obtained after reasonable effort, it’s lost or destroyed, or other specific circumstances permit alternative proof). Duplicates are allowed in most cases, but not if there’s a genuine question about the original’s authenticity or if the original hasn’t been produced. Oral testimony about the contents isn’t a universal substitute, and summaries are only permitted under limited circumstances.